Oy BhAratiyArE!--A Child's Eye View of the Poet

Miscellaneous topics on Carnatic music
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shankarank
Posts: 4041
Joined: 15 Jun 2009, 07:16

Re: Oy BhAratiyArE!--A Child's Eye View of the Poet

Post by shankarank »

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=McMgRmVYBxM - nice discussion.

Bharati's sayings are not dogmas - we should allow for pursuit of Lakshana and Lakshya and many times - as it really happens - together as well. We should do Tamizh songs in Andhra and Telugu songs in TN ( the latter not that it is/was rare , but even more pointedly to the new Age CM listeners!)

arasi
Posts: 16774
Joined: 22 Jun 2006, 09:30

Re: Oy BhAratiyArE!--A Child's Eye View of the Poet

Post by arasi »

Shankarank,,
What a veritable treat! Listening to it and thinking--how truly inspiring Ramanan's sharing of Bharathi with us is:) Thanks...

RSR
Posts: 3427
Joined: 11 Oct 2015, 23:31

Re: Oy BhAratiyArE!--A Child's Eye View of the Poet

Post by RSR »

பாரதியின் நெருங்கிய நண்பர், புரட்சியாளர் மண்டயம் திருமலாசாரி அந்த வருடங்களில், முதலில், இங்கிலாந்து, பின் பிரான்ஸ், பின் ஜெர்மனி,பின் ரஷ்யா என பல நாடுகளில், புரட்சி இயக்கத்திற்காக பணி ஆற்றி,லெனின் அமைத்த , மூன்றாம் அகிலத்திலும் பங்கேற்றிருந்தார்.அவர்மூலமாகவே , பாரதி , ருஷ்ய , ஐரோப்பிய நிகழ்வுகள் பற்றி அறிந்து, அவற்றை தனது
பத்திரிகையில் பிரசுரித்தார்.

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இனி பாரதியின் கட்டுரைகளிலிருந்து சில குறிப்புகள்.
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"இது போலவே செல்வத்தைக் குறித்த வேற்றுமைகளையும் இல்லாமற் பண்ணிவிடவேண்டும் என்ற கொள்கையும் ,உலகத்தில் மிக தீவிரமாக பரவி வருகிறது. ஐரோபாவிலேதான், இந்த முயற்சி வெகு மும்முரமாக நடந்து வருகிறது. ஒரு தேசத்தில் பிறந்த மக்கள் அனைவருக்கும், அந்த தேசத்தின் இயற்கைச்செல்வ முழுவதையும் பொது உடமை யாக்கி விட வேண்டும் என்ற கொள்கைக்கு இங்கிலிஷில் ' சோஷலிஸ்ட்' கொள்கை என்று பெயர். அதாவது கூட்டுறவு கொள்கை. இந்த கூட்டுறவு வாழ்வு கொள்கை ஐரோப்பாவில் தோன்றியபோது , இதை அங்கு முதலாளிகளும் மற்றபடிபொது ஜனங்களும் மிக ஆத்திரத்துடனும், ஆக்ரஹத்துடனும் ,எதிர்த்து வந்தனர். நாளடைவில், இக்கொள்கையின் நல்லியல்பு, அந்த கண்டத்தாருக்கு மென்மேலும் தெளிவுபட்டு, வரலாயிற்று....எனவே இதன் மீது ஜனங்கள் கொண்டிருக்கும் விரோதம் ,குறைவு பட்டுக்கொண்டு வரவே ,இக்கொள்கை மேன் மேலும் பலமடைந்து வருகிறது.
ஏற்கனவே , ரஷ்யாவில் ஸ்ரீமான் லெனின் , ஸ்ரீமான் த்ரோஸ்கி (TROTSKY)
முதலியவர்களின் அதிகாரத்தின் கீழ் ஏற்பட்டிருக்கும் குடியரசில் , தேசத்து
விளை நிலமும், பிற செல்வங்களும், தேசத்தில் பிறந்த அத்தனை
ஜனங்களுக்கும் பொது உடைமை ஆகிவிட்டது

இக்கொள்கை , ஜெர்மனியிலும்,ஆஸ்திரியாவிலும், துருக்கியிலும் அளவற்ற வண்மை கொண்டு வருகிறது. ,.ருஷ்யாவிலிருந்து, இது ஆசியாவிலும் தாண்டிவிட்டது. .வட ஆசியாவில் பிரம்மாண்டமான
பகுதியாக நிற்கும் சைபீரியா தேசம் ரஷ்யாவின் ஆதிக்கத்தை சேர்ந்தது
ஆதலால், ,அங்கும் இந்த முறைமை அனுஷ்டானத்திற்கு வந்துவிட்டது.
அங்கிருந்து இக்கொள்கை மத்திய ஆஅசியாவிலும் பரவிவருகிறது.
ஐரோப்பாவில் உள்ள பிரான்ஸ், இங்கிலாந்து முதலிய வல்லரசுகள், இந்த
முறையை தம் நாடுகளுக்குள்ளும் பிரவேசித்தது வரக்கூடும் என்று பயந்து,
அதன் பரவுதலை தடுக்குமாறு பல விதங்களில் பிரயத்தனங்கள் புரிந்து வருகிறார்கள்

"ரஷ்யாவில் சமீபத்திலே ,அடுக்கடுக்காக நிகழ்ந்துவரும் பல புரட்சிகளின் காரணத்தால், ,அவ்விடத்து சைன்யங்களில் பெரும் பகுதியார், தொழிற்கட்சியையும் அபேதக்கொள்கைகளையும் சார்ந்தோராகிவிட்டனர்.
இதனின்றும்,அங்கு ராஜ்யாதிகாரம் , தொழிற்கட்சிக்கு கிடைத்துவிட்டது.
தேசத்து நிதியனைத்தையும் சகல ஜனங்களுக்குப் பொதுவாகச் செய்து
,எல்லாரும் தொழில் செய்து ஜீவிக்கும்படி விதித்திருக்கிறார்கள்.
தேசத்து பிறந்த சர்வ ஜனங்களுக்கும் தேசத்து செல்வம் பொது என்பது
உண்மையாய்விடின், ஏழைகள் செல்வர் என்ற வேற்றுமையினால் உண்டாகும் தீமைகள் இல்லாமற் போகும்படி சகலரும் தொழில் செய்துதான்
ஜீவிக்க வேண்டும் என்ற விதி வழங்குமானால் , தேசத்துத் தொழில் மிகவும்
அபிவிருத்தி அடைந்து , ஜனங்களின் க்ஷேமமும் சுகங்களும் மேன்மேலும்
மிகுதியுறும்.

எனவே, ருஷ்யாவிலுள்ள அபேதவாதிகளுடைய கொள்கைகள் அவ்வளவு தீங்குடையவையல்ல.
---- "ஆனால் அவற்றை வழக்கப்படுத்தும் பொருட்டு, அவர்கள் நாட்டில்
ஏற்படுத்தியிருக்கும் தீராச்சண்டையும் அல்லலுமே , தீங்கு தருவனவாம்.
ருஷ்ய கொள்கைகளை இப்போது அனுஷ்டிக்கப்படும் ருஷ்ய முறைகளின்படி உலகத்தில் ஸ்தாபனம் பெற்று வெற்றி பெற வேண்டுமானால், அதற்குள்ளே முக்காற்பங்கு ஜனம் கொலையுண்டு மடித்து போவார்கள்.
வெளிநாட்டுப்போர் அத்தனை பெரிய விபத்து அன்று.
நாட்டுக்குள்ளேயே செல்வர்களும் ஏழைகளும் ஒருவரை ஒருவர் வெடிகுண்டுகளாலும் துப்பாகிகளாலும் பீரங்கிகளாலும் தூக்கு மரங்களாலும் கொல்ல தொடங்குவார்களாயின், அது தீராத தொல்லையாய் விடுமன்றோ?"
(உண்மையான சமுதாயபுரட்சி , வெளிநாட்டுப்போர ல்ல , அது மிகவும் கசப்பும் வெறியும் மிகுந்த உள்நாட்டு யுத்தமே என்பார் நேரு-RSR)).
ஆனால் , இந்த முறைமை , போர் , கொலை, பலாத்காரம் மூலமாக உலகத்தில் பரவிவருவது எனக்கு சம்மதம் இல்லை. எந்தக்காரனத்தைக்கொண்டும் மனிதருக்குள்ளே சண்டைகளும், கொலைகளும் நடக்கக்கூடாது என்பது என்னுடைய கருத்து. அப்படியிருக்க, ஸமத்வம், ஸ ஹோதரத்வம் என்ற தெய்வீக தர்மங்களை கொண்டோர்,, அவற்றை குத்து , வெட்டு, பீரங்கி, துப்பாக்கி களால் பரவ செய்யும்படி முயற்சி செய்தல், மிகவும் பொருந்தாத செய்கை என நான் நினைக்கிறேன்.

பலாத்காரமாக் முதலாளிகளின் உடமைகளையும் , நிலஸ்வங்களின் பூமியையும் பிடுங்கி,தேசத்திற்கு பொதுவாக செய்ய வேண்டும் என்ற கொள்கை ரஷ்யாவில் வெற்றி பெற்றதற்கு பல பூர்வ கா ரணங்கள் இருக்கின்றன. நெடுங்காலமாகவே ருஷ்ய தேசத்தில் ஆட்சி புரிவோரின் நிகரற்ற கொடுன்கொன்மையாலும் அநீதங்களாலும் செல்வர்களின் குரூர தன்மையாலும் , பல ராஜாங்க புரட்சிகள் நடந்து வந்திருக்கிற படியால், இந்த மாறுதல் அங்கு அமைப்பது சுலபமாகிவிட்டது.

மற்ற ஐரோப்பிய தேசங்களில், முதலாளிகளும் செல்வர்களும், இன்னும் முற்றிலும் பலஹீனம் அடைந்து போகவில்லை. பெரும்பாலும் அவர்களிடத்திலேயே எல்லா பலங்களும் சக்திகளும் அமைந்திருக்கின்றன. அங்கெல்லாம் சோஷலிஸ்ட் கூட்டுறவு வாழ்க்கை கட்சி , ருஷ்யாவிலுள்ள சக்தியும் பராக்கிரமுமும் பெற்று விடவில்லை.
அங்ஙனம் பெறுவதற்கு இன்னும் பல வருஷங்கள் செல்லும் என்றே தோன்றுகிறது. தவிரவும் , அங்ஙனம் ஸோஷலிஸ்ட் கட்சியார் பலமடைந்தபோதிலும், அந்த பலத்தை உபயோகிப்பது நியாயமில்லை என்று நான் சொல்லுகிறேன். ஏனென்றால், பிறர் உடமையை தாம் அபகரித்து வாழவேண்டும் என்கின்ற எண்ணம் உடையவர்களும், சர்வ ஜனங்களும் ஸமமான சௌகர்யங்களுடன் வாழவேண்டும் என்ற கருத்து இல்லாத பாவிகளும், தம்முடைய கொள்ளை விருப்பங்களை நிறைவேற்றும பொருட்டு , வாள் , பீரங்கி, துப்பாக்கியால் அநேகரை கொலை செய்து, ஊர்களையும் ,
வீடுகளையும் கொளுத்தியும் அநியாயங்கள் செய்வது , நமக்கு அர்த்தமகக்கூடிய விஷயம்.
ஆனால், எல்லா மனிதரும் உடன் பிறந்த ஸஹோதரர் ஆவார்கள் என்றும், எல்லாரையும் ஸமமாகவும், அன்புடனும் நடத்தவேண்டும் என்று கருதும் தர்மிஷ்டர்கள், தம்முடைய கருனாதர்மத்தை நிலை நிறுத்த , கொலை முதலிய மகா பாதகங்கள் செய்வது, நமக்கு சிறிதும் அர்த்தமாகாத விஷயம். கொலையாலும் , கொள்ளையாலும் அன்பையும் , சமத்தவத்தையும் ஸ்தாபிக்க போகிறோம் என்று சொல்வோர், தம்மைத்தாம் உணராத பரம மூடர்கள் என்று நான் கருதுகிறேன்.
'இதற்கு நாம் என்ன செய்வோம்? கொலையாளிகளை அழிக்க கொலையைத்தானே கைக்கொள்ள நேருகிறது? அநியாயம் செய்வோரை , அணியாயத்தாலே தான் அடக்கும்படி நேரிடுகிறது ' என்று ஸ்ரீ மான் லெனின் சொல்லுகிறார்.
இது முற்றிலும் தவறான கொள்கை.
கொலை , கொலையை வளர்க்குமே தவிர ,அதை நீக்க வல்லாது. ..
அநியாயம், அநியாயத்தை விருத்தி பண்ணுமே அல்லது அதை நீக்காது.
பாபத்தை புண்ணியத்தாலேதான் வெல்ல வேண்டும்.
மேலும் ரஷ்யாவிலும்கூட , இப்போது ஏற்ப்பட்டிருக்கும் சோஷலிஸ்ட் ராஜ்யம்
எக்காலமும் நீடித்து நிற்கும் இயல்புடையது என்று கருத வழியில்லை.
சமீபத்தில் நடந்த மகாயுத்தத்தால் , ஐரோப்பிய வல்லரசுகள் ஆள்பலமும் , பணபலமும், ஆயுதபலமும் ஒரேயடியாகக் குறைந்துபோய் , மஹாபலஹீனமான நிலையில் நிற்பதையோட்டி , மிஸ்டர் லெனின் முதலியோர், ஏற்படுத்தியிருக்கும் 'கூட்டு வாழ்க்கை
குடியரசை ' அழிக்க மனமிருந்தும், வலிமையற்றோராக நிற்கின்றனர்.

நாளை , இந்த வல்லரசுகள், கொஞ்சம் சக்தியேறிய மாத்திரத்திலேயே , ரஷ்யாவின் மீது பாய்வார்கள். அங்கு உடமை இழந்த முதலாளிகளும், நிலசுவான்தார்களும் , இந்த அரசுகளுக்கு துணையாக நிற்பர. இதனின்றும் இன்னும் கோரமான யுத்தங்களும் ,கொலைகளும் கொள்ளைகளும் ரத்தப்ரவாஹங்களும் ஏற்ப்பட இடமுண்டாகும். லெனின் வழி சரியான வழி இல்லை ."
=============================================================

( translation in English will be given tonight)

RSR
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Re: Oy BhAratiyArE!--A Child's Eye View of the Poet

Post by RSR »

( disclaimer: this is just a translation of Barathy's essays. Nehru had a better understanding of the nature of Leninism. . His chapter on Russian Civil War . endorses the Marxist view as expounded in Lenin's classic 'The State and Revolution' and endorsed by Harold Laski in 'The State in theory and practice' and in Liberty in the modern state' (RSR)
Over to Barathy now.
************************************
SIMILARLY,( like the demand for social equalty)
the demand for Economic equality also is spreading fast in the world. It is in Europe that it is happening seriously. The concept that all the natural resources and wealth of a nation should be shared by all the people of the land is known as Socialism. You can call it Co-operative principle too. When the demand arose first in Europe , the people and capitalists opposed it ferociously. In due course, people began to appreciate the good aspects of the concept and so it is gaining ground all round.
In Russia, the republican government under the leadership of Lenin and Trotsky, all the land and wealth of that land has been nationalized. It is gaining great strength in Germany and Austria. From Russia it has spread to Asia also. The gigantic land mass of Siberia belongs to Russia. Therefore it has come into practice already. From there, it is spreading in Central Asia also. The Imperialist powers in England and France are doing everything in their power to stop the growth of the movement out of fear of its consequence on their hegemony. .Due to the successive revolutions in quick sequence occurring in Russia, the armed forces there have all become firm supporters of Socialist parties. Thus, political power has passed into the hands of Socialists there. They have made it compulsory that all the citizens should earn their livelihood by the sweat of their brow. When all the wealth is thus Nationalized, the difference between the poor and rich will vanish . Industrial and other form of wealth will grow fast and this will benefit all the people. and their standard of living will improve...So, the ideology of the Socialists in Russia is not all that bad. .but the endless strife and war that they have created there in order to implement their ideal is bad. If the Russian Socialist ideology is made to establish itself all over the world by their present method, by the time they realize that ideal, 75% of the population would be dead. External war is not so very dangerous. But, if the poor and the rich start attacking each other by bombs, rifles , guns and gallows, will it not become endless tragedy? Hence, I do not approve of this method of spreading socialism by war , murder and force. My policy is that whatever be the reason, there should be no strife and murder among people.
When that is so, adoption of such methods by proponents of divine principle of Equality and Fraternity , is, in my opinion, is incongruous. There were many reasons for the success of Forcible Expropriation of the capitalists and landlords in Russia. The acceptance of this method there became easy due to the endless and unparalleled cruelty of its past rulers and the occurrence of many attempts at forcible overthrow there.But in the other European Nations , the capitalists and landlords and the rich have not been enfeebled much.n those countries, the Socialist ideology has not become as powerful and strong as in Russia. It appears that it will take a long time for that to happen. I feel that even if they gain such strength , it is not fair on their part to use that power We can understand the adoption of methods like killing people using swords, guns, and rifles, and arson, by scoundrels who think nothing of swindling others and are inherently anti-social and selfish sinners. But, adoption of such violent methods by idealists who want to establish the reign of Fraternity, Equality and universal love among all people, is incomprehensible to us. I think that people who say they can establish the kingdom of heaven in earth by murder and loot are fools who do not know what they are doing. " In what way are we responsible? We have to adopt cruel methods to finish off cruel people" says Lenin. . This is wrong approach. Murder will only lead to Murder . It can never remove it. . We cannot remove injustice by injustice. We must strive to win over Evil by Justice. Moreover even in Russia, there is no reason to believe that the socialist government will last for ever. Due to the huge loss in manpower, wealth and military resources, because of the recent great war, the European powers are now powerless to attempt the attack on Socialist Russia now though they very much want to. But as soon as the gain some strength, they will immediately pounce on Russian socialist government. The expropriated capitalists and landlords in Russia will join hands with them and this will lead to much more wars, atrocities and blood letting. The path shown by Lenin is not correct."

kvchellappa
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Re: Oy BhAratiyArE!--A Child's Eye View of the Poet

Post by kvchellappa »

It is a moot point what Nehru understood and I am sure he did not understand Leninism as he has not massacred people like Lenin did, but he chose Indian economy instead as the target if still we need to concede that he understood Leninism.

RSR
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Re: Oy BhAratiyArE!--A Child's Eye View of the Poet

Post by RSR »

kvc@705 ...one must read good books... Read what Gandhiji says about Lenin. https://sites.google.com/site/rsrtrials ... revolution

Sachi_R
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Re: Oy BhAratiyArE!--A Child's Eye View of the Poet

Post by Sachi_R »

Image
Beautiful article in Vijayavani.
Translation
Title: His poems inspire patriotism across generations
Subheading: Sri Subrahmanya Bharati strove day and night to instill patriotism in fellow citizens. It was ironical that towards the end he could not even feed his own wife and children. When his second daughter was struggling between life and death, he could not pay the doctor's fees, and spent the entire night chanting, "Om Shakti Om Shakti".

RSR
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Re: Oy BhAratiyArE!--A Child's Eye View of the Poet

Post by RSR »

@707-> posting non-english material is not desirable. as the forum members may not be able to read. Either we give FULL translation or omit the vernacular material or image and just give a gist of the article. For all that we know, the non-english part may contain half-truths and insinuations. Not likely I know, but still. ...

kvchellappa
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Re: Oy BhAratiyArE!--A Child's Eye View of the Poet

Post by kvchellappa »

The gist is given. That must suffice.

RSR
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Re: Oy BhAratiyArE!--A Child's Eye View of the Poet

Post by RSR »

@709-> NO.. It won't suffice. It would suffice if given without the image or material in another language. See how I have quoted extensively from Barathy's writings and have given FULL TRANSLATION.

kvchellappa
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Re: Oy BhAratiyArE!--A Child's Eye View of the Poet

Post by kvchellappa »

Let moderator decide.

Sachi_R
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Re: Oy BhAratiyArE!--A Child's Eye View of the Poet

Post by Sachi_R »

RSR,
Even if one person reads the Kannada article, my effort would be rewarded.
(Vijayavani is a Kannada newspaper of high literary standards. They carry such articles on the centre page everyday!)

And if anyone wants it=requests it, I would be happy to provide a translation 😀

Nick H
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Re: Oy BhAratiyArE!--A Child's Eye View of the Poet

Post by Nick H »

RSR wrote: 15 Feb 2018, 13:06 @707-> posting non-english material is not desirable. ...
An one-time manager of mine would quip, "I find myself agreeing with you today: should I be worried?" :evil: :lol:

Well, on the whole, I do agree. But posting a page like this is not the same as typing a post in another language. If the moderators don't allow it, then it might be on the basis of copyright rather than non-English!

Sachi, Arasi awoke my interest in the great poet way back at the start of this thread. She did a a great deal of translation work to make the content available to a wider world, and I remain grateful to her. I won't demand a translation, but I can say that... If you do translate it, I for one, will read it!

No obligation :)

Sachi_R
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Re: Oy BhAratiyArE!--A Child's Eye View of the Poet

Post by Sachi_R »

Here you go. The author is Dr Bapu Krishnamurthy, a senior journalist.
----
The Congress conference happened in Dec. 1906 in Calcutta. Prior to that, Swami Vivekananda, Bipin Chandra Pal, and other monks of Ramakrishna Order had stirred up the spirit of Swadeshi, Swaraj, and Swadharma, in Madras Presidency. As a result, to take part in the Congress conference, a big group of hot-blooded youth from Madras had arrived. Among them, a 24 year old young man moved about mercurially, all over the meeting, discussing with the leading lights the idea of swadeshi (self-rule). But he had an important agenda, too. To go meet an eminent lady on Bose Para Lane.

When he entered her residence, he saw her sitting at her desk, writing something. He was surprised. What a radiant figure! Emotionally, he prostrated on the floor, with teary eyes. He was trembling as he stood by her side, with folded hands. He was speechless. She herself looked at him with a smile. "From where have you come, child?"

"I have come from Madras. My name is Subrahmanya Bharati. Till now, I worked for a Tamil magazine, Swadesha Mitran. The owners couldn't brook my pungent writings against the British. They asked me to tone it down. Therefore I quit. Now Mandyam Tirumalachari and Mandyam Srinivasachari, two gentlemen, have started for my sake a magazine called India. Swami Vivekananda is my God. Therefore I have used his famous words, "Uttishthata, Jagrata, Prapyavarannibodhata" as our motto in the India magazine. "

That divine lady was intently watching him and listening to his words." Child, what a radiance fills your eyes! Goddess Shakti has blessed you fully. You shall have a major role in India's struggle for freedom". The young man was thrilled, and shed tears.

That divine lady was Sister Nivedita. That youth of great emotional sensibility was the Tamil Maha Kavi, Patriot, one of the Tamil Trinity of Freedom Struggle, Subrahmanya Bharati!

"Child, keep your mind unfettered at all times. Abandon uncivilised divisive ideas of party, regionalism, and caste, and serve the country. Install on the throne of your heart the high ideal of patriotism, love of your land. Then your name will be etched in golden letters on the pages of history", said Nivedita.

"Bharati, are you married?"
"Yes, and I have a daughter, too". "Then why didn't you bring your wife to the Congress conference?" "Our custom does not permit taking women to public places, madam". There was anger in Sister Nivedita's response. "How can society's one half keep the other half in chains and hope to achieve freedom? Don't keep you wife confined to a corner. She is your ardhangi (other half). Worship her like a goddess. Is your land not the blessed soil on which they worshipped women as goddesses?"

When Bharati was taking his leave, Nivedita took out an old dry leaf from her bag. She said, "This leaf is from the Himalayas, I gathered during my travels. Keep this as a memento from me. Don't lose it".

Bharati preserved that leaf as a priceless treasure all his life. Whenever he looked at that leaf, he would connect with that divine lady of his inspiration, and would be rejuvenated in his endeavours.

End of First Column.

RSR
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Re: Oy BhAratiyArE!--A Child's Eye View of the Poet

Post by RSR »

@714->
Sachi_R » 15 Feb 2018, 16:40
RSR,
Even if one person reads the Kannada article, my effort would be rewarded.
(Vijayavani is a Kannada newspaper of high literary standards. They carry such articles on the centre page everyday!)

And if anyone wants it=requests it, I would be happy to provide a translation
-------------
Sachi Sir, We are on the same wave length most of the time. Yes. I have read of this meeting between Sister Niveditha and Barathy. With your permission, I will try to provide a tamil translation in a few days and add it here.
--------
Perhaps, other forum members from other language regions also may chime in with their translation and sharing( say, malayalam and telugu).

See, English unifies!
----------------------
What I would have done.. is give the gist , and a pointer to kannada article in the language section. and at leisurely pace give the translation in English in this thread , as done now..
I know, it is tedious work doing lengthy translation. It is worth the labour as many like me would wait for the next part now. Great article. it is more rewarding now to share with all the forum memnbers

Nick H
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Re: Oy BhAratiyArE!--A Child's Eye View of the Poet

Post by Nick H »

Thank you Sachi :)

Sachi_R
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Re: Oy BhAratiyArE!--A Child's Eye View of the Poet

Post by Sachi_R »

😀Continued:
Column 2:
Talent blossomed early:
Ettayapuram in Tirunelveli district of Tamil Nadu was his birthplace. The region was under a zamindar. Chinnaswamy Iyer, a smarta brahmana was the father. Mother's name was Lakshmi. Their son was Subrahmanya Iyer. He was called by everyone Subbiah. He was born on December 11,1882.

Virtually a king in that small region, the Ettayapuram zamindar Raja Jagavira Rama Ettappa Nayackar was looked upon with respect by the people. He was a man of culture and loved literature. The 15 year old Subbiah was much loved by him. One day there was a meeting of literateurs in the Raja's assembly. The wise men were discussing at length the subject of the education system. The boy Subbiah who entered in the middle spoke extempore on the education system with great lucidity. His speech mesmerised the assembly. A senior scholar exclaimed, "Child, Goddess Saraswati dwells on your tongue! You are indeed "Bharati", boy! " And blessed him heartily.
*(The word Bharati in Hinduism denotes Saraswati as well as people endowed with great learning). From that day, Subbiah became Subrahmanya Bharatiyar.

Subrahmanya Bharati's entry into journalism was through the Congress functionary and moderate Subrahmani Iyer's Swadesha Mitran journal. Lacking neither ideas nor passionate feelings, Bharati employed his pen as a destructive weapon against all adversaries. That was the period of the historic Bengal Partition. The national political scenario changed forever.

As he was covering the Congress conferences, Bharati developed deep expertise in the area of national politics and its goings-on. His thinking gained crystallisation. In 1905, when Gokhale presented the approach of moderates in the Varanasi Congress convention, it irked Bharati no end. A worshipper of Shakti, he was greatly opposed to the pacific moderates. In 1907, he participated actively in the Congress convention in Surat along with V O Chidambaram Pillai and sided with Tilak in the exchanges.

When a Poet Laureate ignited Patriotic Fervour:

A serendipitous turn came that transformed the journalist Bharati into a Tamil Maha Kavi. He thought there should be a book of poems that stirred patriotic fervour. An invitation went out to writers to send in poems to Swadesha Mitran. Unfortunately, not a single entry was received. He was deeply disappointed. In those days, singing and writing such poems of patriotism was sacrilege. Had not the British banned "Vande Mataram" ?

In this state of affairs, Bharati decided to launch his own book of poems, that would whip up patriotism and set ablaze nationalistic fervour. But who would publish such a book?

A young publisher, Natesan, suggested that a senior congressman, V. Krishnaswamy Iyer, might offer financial help. But Bharati was deeply sceptical, as he had demolished that man in his writings. However, on Natesan's insistence, he went to Iyer's residence and recited with his customary passion the poem, "Vande Mataram". Iyer, who was greatly opposed to Bharati and his writings, was surprisingly stirred and inspired. He readily agreed to sponsor the book and gave the required funds.

Thus his book of poetry, "Janma Bhoomi" was published in 1909. Each poem in that anthology started dancing on everyone's tongue. Meanwhile, his poems spread like wild fire and instilled strongly in people across Tamil Nadu feelings of national fervour, the idea of freedom, awareness about one's bounden duty, democratic values. Thus they touched everyone's heart transformationally, stirring them to active participation in the freedom struggle. There would be no meeting, march, or agitation, without the singing of his poems. These Indian nationalist poems set fire to the Imperial seat of power.

The government decided to arrest him and the news reached him through his friends. They ensured he moved to Pondicherry, a French colony, in 1908.

End of Column Two.

Ponbhairavi
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Re: Oy BhAratiyArE!--A Child's Eye View of the Poet

Post by Ponbhairavi »

பாரதியும் நோபல் பரிசும் .

“ 1913 இல் நோபல் பரிசுப்பேற்ற கவி தாகூர் 1919 இல் மதுரை வருகிறார் .அப்போது பாரதியாருக்கும் அவரது சீடனுக்கும் நடந்த உரையாடலை சான்றுக்கு அழைக்கிறேன்;
பாரதி: ஒய், நாம் தாகூருக்கு ஒன்று சொல்வோம்.:நீர் வாங்க கவி ,நாம் தமிழ் கவி .விக்டோரியா ஹாலில் கூட்டம் போடுவோம் .உமது நோபல் பரிசை சபை முன் வையும் .நாமும் பாடுவோம் ,நீரும் பாடும் .சபையோர் யார் பாட்டுக்கு applause கொடுக்கிறார்கள் என்று பாப்போம்.
நமது பாட்டே நயம் என்று சபையோர் மெச்சுவார்கள் .உடனே, உமது கையால் எமக்கு நோபல் வெகுமதியை தந்து செல்லவேண்டியது என்போம்.

சிஷ்யன் : அதெப்படி ? வங்காளத்துக்கு கிடைத்த நோபல் பரிசு உமது தமிழுக்கு எப்படி கிடைக்கும்.?
பாரதி :அட அட ஜடமே ,சர்வேஸ்வரன் தமிழனுக்கு எல்லாம் வைத்தான். புத்தி மட்டும் வைக்கவில்லை .நேற்று பிறந்த வங்காளத்தான் நோபல் பரிசு வாங்க வேண்டும் கர்ப்ப கோடி காலம் வாழ்ந்த தமிழ் அந்த பரிசுக்கு லாயக்கு இல்லையோ?
இது சிஷ்யனாகிய கவியோகி சுத்தானந்த பாரதி யின் பதிவு .”

Talk by vairamuthu vide youtube: https://youtu.be/qgRoTnXa_FA (22 to 24 mnts )
.translation will follow

Ponbhairavi
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Re: Oy BhAratiyArE!--A Child's Eye View of the Poet

Post by Ponbhairavi »

Bharathi and the Nobel Prize.

“ Poet Tagore who got the nobel prize in 1913 came to Madurai in 1919.Let me quote a conversation which took place between Bharathi and one of his disciples.
B#(harathi:- cOy, we will tell this to Tagore ;” You are a bengali poet, I am a tamil poet.Let us convene a meeting at Victoria Hall,You place your Nobel prize on the dais. I will sing a poem. You sing yours .Let us see whose poem gets the applause of the audience.
The audience will laud only my poem as the finer one.Thereupon you should give your nobel prize to me with your own hands and go.. This will be our proposal.
Disciple :How is that?The Nobel prize which was given to Bengal, how can you get it for your tamil?
Bharathi :- stupid.The Omnipotent God has given everything to Tamilians except brain. A Bengali born yesterday can get a Nobel prize whereas the tamil language whlch exists from time immemorial is unfit to get that ?
This has been recorded by Kavi yogi Suddhananda Bharathi who was Bharathi’s disciple.”

Talk by Vairamuthu in you tube.

RSR
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Re: Oy BhAratiyArE!--A Child's Eye View of the Poet

Post by RSR »

Rabindranath Tagore was not a poet only. He was an outstanding essayist, novelist, musician, composer(Rabindra Sangeeth), statesman,educationist ,philosopher and more.May be he was a painter too. The national anthems of India, Bangladesh and Srilanka are his poems. He was above any religious or linguistic or nationalist chauvinism. Though it is true that he was born in a famous and aristocratic family, that was not the only reason for his achievements. Possibly because United Bengal had the first exposure to thought currents of England from 1750 to 1920, it was the Bengal Renaissance which heralded the New India (quoting Ghokale). Calcutta University 1857 ,closely followed by Maharashtra (Bombay University) and then Madras University sowed the seeds of our National level Independence movement. Begun with Bankim, nurtured by Autbindo Ghosh, joined by Lokamanya and followed by Barathy, VOC and Subramanya Siva. Another branch of Lokamanya's ideas was taken up by Savarkar and his comrades V.V.S.Iyer and M.P.T. Acharya.
A careful study of the list of eminent personalities of Bengal Renaissance will be an amazing exercise. .how nearly a hundred stars shone in all their brilliance in the firmament.. in the same decades..be it Literaure, Science, Music, Painting and other arts, advanced socio-political ideology and action, death-defying heroism and spirit of sacrifice, spiritual quest ,philosophy and everything that is of value in our mundane lives. despite horrendous famine ( man-made) and misery.
No other state in India did as much as Bengal. Tamilnad movement in 1907 drew its inspiration from Bengal and Maharashtra.
Among the regional languages of India, Bengali comes closest to Sanskrit and voted as the sweetest language of the world and its charm has had its greatest martyrs in the cause of their language in Bangladesh, a predominantly Islamic state, rejecting Urdu ( a corrupted form of Sanskrit..after all)and mixture of arabic and persian. .
Barathy undoubtedly was and continues to be the greatest Nationalist and spiritual poet of modern Tamilnadu.( 1900 onwards). But his prose writings are poor. And he was translating Tagore's essays. his output as a shortstory writer, or novelist or major translator is next to nil. Barathy would have been the first person to concede that Tagore was far superior polygot fully deserving the International recognition... Kalki's arguments were along these lines. and he was second to none in his love of tamil and contribution to its growth under many fields and played a major role in raising the Barathy Memorial.
Suddhananda Barathy for all his voluminous output was more a patriot and yogi than a very creative writer. From the very recent controversies about the sources of information peddled by this poet-laureate of present day tamil polity, it should be taken with a pinch of salt. ( with due apologies to the moderator..just imagine that this is a translation,, though it is not)
--
Kalki gave us two songs on Subramanya Barathy. ( set to music most probably bt SVVenkataraman) by MS...
78 RPM record Side A..thavamum palitthathammA being discussed now in
viewtopic.php?f=7&t=30772
and side B..another gem of a ragamalika by MS ( Jonpuri, Desh, ? , Chenchuttti)
dheyvath thamizh nAttinile ..https://sites.google.com/site/homage2ms ... aattinilae
Last edited by RSR on 17 Feb 2018, 16:39, edited 1 time in total.

kvchellappa
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Re: Oy BhAratiyArE!--A Child's Eye View of the Poet

Post by kvchellappa »

Sri RSachi,
It is wonderful translation. Thanks.

Sachi_R
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Re: Oy BhAratiyArE!--A Child's Eye View of the Poet

Post by Sachi_R »

🙏🏻Column 3:
Hiding the pen- Incognito:
Following him, the Mandyam brothers' printing press went to Pondicherry and so did the magazine India. Bharati's writings resumed with heightened vigour. The "Company" government relentlessly pursued like a ghost, deploying spies there and tried to arrest him. India magazine folded up. The rain of fire filled with Mahakavi's writings ceased.

Bharati was despondent. By mid 1910, he reached a point when he could not provide even a single meal per day to his wife and children. Reading his diaries of around 1915, and the stories therein of his terrible poverty, is heart-rending. When his second daughter contracted illness and lay battling between life and death, Bharati was unable to afford the doctor's fees and spent the entire night chanting, "Om Shakti Om Shakti".

In this desperate condition he wished to move back to Madras. But the police arrest warrant was still out for him. Somehow he gathered courage, left the haven of the French colony, and entered India through Cuddalore. The police arrested him and put him in the Cuddalore sub-jail. Swadesha Mitran magazine's A. Ramaswamy Iyengar contacted the Police General in Madras and worked out a compromise for his release.

In 1920, Bharati rejoined Swadesha Mitran at Ramaswamy Iyengar's invitation and saw a somewhat better life.

Then he lived in Triplicane, near Parthasarathy temple. One evening, he went to the temple. He took coconut, jaggery and plantains in his hands and went to feed the elephant. Perhaps provoked by someone, the elephant got into a rage and smashed him with its trunk. Bharati fell at the animal's feet. Just as the elephant was about to trample him, his close disciple Kuvalaya Kannan, who was with him, rushed forward and pulled away the guru who was unconscious and carried him home.

Bharati recovered somewhat and started going to Swadesha Mitran office to write, again. Maybe because of the elephant's blow he had suffered, he fell ill soon. He became semi-conscious. He made his final journey in peace in the predawn hours of 12th September, 1921.

Only twenty percent of his poems are patriotic songs. But till today, he is known as Desha Bhakti Kavi. Just see this sample stanza:

Vande Mataram!
Be it that victory comes,
Be it that death and defeat come,
We shall all stand as one,
And proclaim
Vande Mataram!
Vande Mataram



-Vijayavani Kannada Newspaper 15.2.2018 by Dr Bapu Krishnamurthy

Ponbhairavi
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Re: Oy BhAratiyArE!--A Child's Eye View of the Poet

Post by Ponbhairavi »

RSR wrote: " Barathy would have been the first person to concede that Tagore was far superior polygot fully deserving the International recognition..." any basis for this or is it just your opinion?
Taking that polygot is a typo for polyglot Wikipedia mentions only bengali and english as languages for Tagore.It is not far superior to many of us let alone Bharathi.

Nick H
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Re: Oy BhAratiyArE!--A Child's Eye View of the Poet

Post by Nick H »

Thank you for your excellent work, Sachi. Much appreciated ;)

RSR
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Re: Oy BhAratiyArE!--A Child's Eye View of the Poet

Post by RSR »

@723->
Prof. "Taking that polygot is a typo for polyglot Wikipedia mentions only bengali and english as languages for Tagore.It is not far superior to many of us let alone Bharathi.
--
Professor, I slipped. I meant polymath.(I should also add that Barathy was a true polyglot. He knew as many as ten languages! .
.It is not far superior to many of us let alone Bharathi.
..something amiss here? you mean 'it'? you really claim that we are superior to Tagore? How many Nobel prizes have 'we' won?
-----
That apart, you might have heard of one of the best researchers into the recent past of Tamil society in all the literary and social aspects... A.R.Venkatchalapathy.. "The author bristles at Ashokamitran’s suggestion that there might have been rivalry between the two great poets. "...Ashokamitran is here repeating an old story; and like most old stories, this has little basis in fact. Smallness is not what one associates with Bharati. On the contrary, we can piece together a narrative that testifies to Bharati’s unqualified admiration for Tagore.
http://www.thehindu.com/books/books-aut ... 075434.ece
----------------------------
A few lines from the article cited. "Bharati’s first extended reference to Tagore comes in November 1915. Narrating the now-familiar tale of ancient glory and medieval decline, he observed, ‘We now see the signs of resurgence in everything. The Indian nation has been born anew. The whole world now acknowledges that Ravindranath is one of the mahakavis of our times.’...Bharati produced two books of Tagore translations. In August 1918 he published Pancha Vyasangal, a translation of five essays drawn from The Modern Review: ‘The Small and the Great’, ‘Thou Shalt Obey’, ‘The Nation’, ‘The Spirit of Japan’, and ‘The Medium of Education’. Shortly afterwards, Bharati’s translations of Tagore’s stories were published: ‘False Hope’, ‘The Lost Jewels’, ‘Giribala’, ‘In the Middle of the Night’, ‘The Editor’, ‘Subha’, ‘The Homecoming’, and ‘The Conclusion’.
Sometime after April 1919, Bharati wrote a celebrated poem, ‘Bharata Mata Navaratna Mala’ — essentially a panegyric to Gandhi. Here he makes reference to ‘Hark unto Ravindranath, world-renowned composer of songs, the Kavindranath, who said, “The first among the men of this world, the embodiment of Dharma, Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi”’. This is but a poetic translation of Tagore calling Gandhi ‘a great leader of men [who] have stood among us to proclaim your faith in the ideal which you know to be that of India.’

RSR
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Re: Oy BhAratiyArE!--A Child's Eye View of the Poet

Post by RSR »

link to Kalki's view on Barathy vs Tagore controversy.
http://www.thehindu.com/books/bharatis- ... 420706.ece
---------------------------------------------------------------------
""In “Three days with Va. Raa.” an article that appeared in Manikkodi, (August, 1934) N. Ramarathnam, another Manikkodi writer, mentions what Va. Raa. seem to have stated during one of his campaign speeches: “I have read the great poets of English, Shelly and Shakespeare and India's Nobel Laureate Tagore, but I can say that all the writings of them put together will not equal a line of what Bharati had written”. Quoting Va. Raa's views, P. Sri Acharya, writing under the name of Nellai Nesan, disputes this view and says “Bharati is a good poet but not a great poet” ( Dinamani 1935 Bharati Malar)."
---------------------------------
"On November 3, 1935, in its Letters to the Editor column, Ananda Vikatan, edited by Kalki Krishnamurthy, had published a letter supposedly written by a “Student of Literature” (it was the editor Kalki himself!) in which a question was raised whether what was said by some one in Karaikudi (the name of Va. Raa was omitted) is correct, as the correspondent felt it was not.
Commenting on the letter the editor had given his views: “The name of the person was also given. I have omitted the name purposely, as I think he could not have said so.” Continuing, the editor says, “If someone had said so, it should be understood as this person does not have any idea about either literature or poetry. It is possible to conclude that he is an illiterate (Nirakshara kutchi). It is doubtful if he had read Shelly, Tagore and Shakespeare and if he had, probably he has not understood them. It is also doubtful, if he has understood even Bharati properly” (courtesy Anada Vikatan).
----------------
Va. Raa followed up with a detailed essay titled “Bharati and literary review” in Swadesamithran on November 30, 1935 and Kalki openly wrote opposing his views in the same journal on December 7, 1935, in which he went on to say that if Tolstoy had read “Vallippaattu” of Bharati, he would have burnt all the works of Bharati!
Then followed long articles by Chitti and Ku. Pa. Ra., questioning Kalki's statement and the contents were later published under the title Kannan en kavi by Sangu Ganesan in 1937.
Later Kalki became a great admirer of Bharati and took the initiative of building the Manimandapam at Ettayapuram in October 1947 and Rajaji, then the Governor of West Bengal, declared it open. Again, it was Chitti, as a member of the team, who covered the function from Ettayapuram through the All India Radio!

arasi
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Re: Oy BhAratiyArE!--A Child's Eye View of the Poet

Post by arasi »

Great post, RSR!

RSR
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Re: Oy BhAratiyArE!--A Child's Eye View of the Poet

Post by RSR »

@727-> Thank so very much, Madam. I am happy that you like it. The maNikkodi saga is inspiring and legendary. if you can share your reminiscences about people like 'chitti' Sundrarrajan and 'stalin; Srinivasan, in this thread, it would be very valuable. for people like me.

Ponbhairavi
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Re: Oy BhAratiyArE!--A Child's Eye View of the Poet

Post by Ponbhairavi »

In the field of arts,(poetry,music,painting, acting etc..) discussions as to whether x is greater than y, lead nowhere and no consensus can be expected.Same is the case about awards(Nobel,Magsaysay, Sangeetha Kalanidhi,Bharath rathna.)In a doubly slippery field like this my intention in my post 719 is not to reminisce about the views of the general Tamil public of those years. My interest is in what one poet said about another on the occasion of getting an award.I would be eager to know , if possible what any other contemporary Indian poet(telegu,Kannada, Malayalam Hindi etc...)like Sarojini Naidu for example have said on the occasion.

rshankar
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Re: Oy BhAratiyArE!--A Child's Eye View of the Poet

Post by rshankar »

+1 -could not agree more.

RSR
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Re: Oy BhAratiyArE!--A Child's Eye View of the Poet

Post by RSR »

@729> I think, A.R.Venkatachalapathy's article has given sufficient proof that Barathy was all admiration for Tagore.
.....It is quite true that the awards mentioned have sometimes gone to wrong persons. ,but not entirely. There must have been some valid perception. Have to do some 'googling' to get the reaction of Tagore's contemporary Indian writers to the award. Not likely that there would have been any dissenting voice.. Sarojini included. .. Sir has carefully excluded scientists. Nevertheless, the Hall of Fame makes us proud. "Tagore, physicists C.V. Raman and Subramanyam Chandrasekhar, geneticist Hargobind Khorana, Mother Teresa, economist Amartya Sen and chemistry Nobel winner Venkatraman Ramakrishnan are the seven Indian Nobel laureates who will be featured on the walls — though some modern historians argue that Indian-origin British author V.S. Naipaul, and India-born British writer Rudyard Kipling and scientist Ronald Ross should also be considered “Indian”. .."

RSR
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Re: Oy BhAratiyArE!--A Child's Eye View of the Poet

Post by RSR »

Sarojini Naidu & Rabindranath Tagore..
.https://www.academia.edu/10520144/A_Stu ... ini_Naidu-
"They had great respect and admiration for each other....:"Sarojini was a highly talented literary artist, but she was quick to acknowledge Tagore’s superior merit. In a letter written on 16th November 1912, she calls him a “divine magician” (Paranjape 83) and expresses her gladness at hearing the ovations that his literary prowess had received in England. On another occasion, she calls him the “Master of many enchantments” (Paranjape 296). With the passage of time, Sarojini’s respect for Tagore increased to such an extent that she started to apotheosize him. In the letter dated 7th December 1933, Sarojini compares Tagore to Gods “whom you resemble” and continues her effusive praise for the “poet and seer” whose “voice has indeed awakened the people” (Paranjape 297)....."She was in England when Gitanjali was published, and considered it to be an achievement that “spread the poet’s fame across the horizon of western life like a rainbow” (quoted in Naravane 57). Happy at the attention that the world had showered on him by awarding him the Nobel Prize for literature, she acknowledges the honour that he has brought to his motherland with his literary abilities : “world wide recognition of your genius shines like a crown on the brows of Bharat Mata, the dear land of your heart’s desire”

arasi
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Re: Oy BhAratiyArE!--A Child's Eye View of the Poet

Post by arasi »

It's not agreeable to compare talent unnecessarily because they exist in their own spheres. Bharathi did not live as long as Tagore at all. Also, only a handful of discerning people knew of his greatness while Tagore continued in his father's glory from day one.
We don't compare Tyagaraja and Swati Tirunal for instance...

RSR
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Re: Oy BhAratiyArE!--A Child's Eye View of the Poet

Post by RSR »

Image
This is an article on Tagore's genius by ku.pa.rA, from Dr.Pasupathy's blog. ku.pa.rA says that Bengali people did not care much for Tagore before he got Nobel Prize. ...Barathy was a born poet. He cared more for country's liberation than personal achievement in Literature. . There are different genres in literature like poetry, essays, short stories, novels, art-criticism, social-commentary, literary criticism , travelogues , humor etc.. Barathy could have excelled in many of them, if he had been prepared to compromise but he did not care for it. Kalki comes to mind! Worthy successor to Barathy, and excelled in many fields . Kalki's poems have that simple elegance that Smt.DKP mentions The only advantage that Tagore had was that he did not have to worry about means of livelihood. We need not belittle Tagore and praise Barathy . We will be doing injustice to both. Bankim and Sarath Chandra were greater novelists than Tagore .but may be a personal preference. ( will try to give a translation soon)

RSR
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Re: Oy BhAratiyArE!--A Child's Eye View of the Poet

Post by RSR »

( A rough translation) From 1915, the name of Raviondrabnath Tagore echoes from all the eight corners of the world. After the publication and award of Nobel prize for his book Geethanjali(Bengali original) in English translation (blank verse) , his name has become well known all over the world. But 25 years back, the world had not even heard of his name. In fact, even the Bengal that boasts about his being of their province, did not know about his greatness. The noteworthy fact is that he had already completed creation of all his books that reveal his special merit, before 1915.(....)Is it not a wonder that such a unique creativity after Kalidasa and Kamban,lay hidden from the eyes of the world and even of India, till he reached his 55th year.?. We cannot but marvel at his dedication and striving , that while living in virtual incognito in the Bengali wilderness, he went on adding to his huge literary output , without losing his creativity, self-confidence..... Today, the same people who praise him to the very skies, more out of regional chauvinism, did not approve of his writings that much, before 1915. Pundits were criticizing his writings as being unconventional and having many grammatical errors and abused him. The common readers, did not possess the literary equipment to appreciate his creations of high standard. More people read the novels of Bankim and SarathChndra and praised them and very few turned their eyes to Tagore's high poetry.
Even today, his royalty income from his Bengali books is very low. Tagore survived in such a non-supportive environment , just because he was of a wealthy family. By good fortune, he did not have to depend on income from his literary works, for day-to-day living. He had a huge ancestral property and was hence in a position to plan his literary work. ...Ravindranath began writing in his 15th year. Today, he is nearly 80 years old. he has been writing without rest, for the past 65 years. making the language a torrential flow. He has written huge number of books in every genre of the language conceivable. Not mere quantity but of sterling quality.
He beautified every genre of literature and astounded the entire world especially of Bengali literature . What a great variety in both aspects of literature, like poetry and prose! Long poems, short poems songs, geetham, prose-poetry, plays in poems ... In prose writing, story, essay, play, short drama, novel, lectures!, What else remains to be done? No other Indian Literary writer , has handled so many types of works that too so wonderfully well.
All this was shining brightly like a' candle put under a bushel.' The glow of that lamp did not reach the outside world. till GEETHANJALI was published and captured the minds of English readers. They were the first to see the brilliant rays from the East. At once they gave Nobel prize. In a single day, Ravindranatha became world-famous.
Ravindra's books have been translated into many Indian languages. But, only a few short stories and one or two novels have been translated into Tamil. There is no translation of his poertry , the most important of his creations, in Tamil. We do not know when Tamils are going to set right this deficiency.( ku.pa.raa article over)
******************************************************************************************************************
(by RSR...'bushel' used as in St.Mathew0 appearing in William Tyndale's translation of the New Testament: "Neither do men light a candle, and put it under a bushel, but on a candlestick, and it lighteth all them which are in the house.

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