I am posting the Ramayana opera krtis composed by Chitravina Ravikiran:
Ramayanam – Bala Kandam & Yuddha Kandam
Composed by Chitravina N Ravikiran
Highlights – Bala Kandam
· Ravikiran follows Valmiki’s original version for the most part but occasionally draws from Kamban; he also pays subtle tribute to Tulasi Dasa and Rajaji.
· Since Valmiki has never mentioned a swayamvara for Seeta nor does he talk of Ahalya turning into a stone, this operatic production will also not project those.
· Features around 35 compositions (including short pieces and viruttams) in 43 ragas.
· A few instrumental sections feature Ravikiran’s world music concept, Melharmony.
· Colourful opening with a celebratory raga-tala malika for the birth of Rama, Lakshmana, Bharata and Shatrughna.
· Several meter-based compositions, some of them in chanda talas, tiruppugazh style.
· Interesting rhythmic openings in several pieces.
· Pada varnam in Kalyani that depicts a one-second dialogue between Rama and Seeta with their eyes.
· Innovative ragamalika for Seeta-Rama wedding with each line alternating between the ragas Saraswati (eulogizing Seeta) and Narayani (praising Rama) which are separated only by their 4th note, Ma.
· A first-of-its-kind tillana mostly in chaturashra-tishra gati in Bala Kandam that will raise plenty of questions...
· A short viruttam in a bright raga Katyayani, recently discovered by the composer.
· Relatively rare ragas such as Deepakam, Yagapriya, Dhatuvardhini, Padi, Oormika, Dakka employed.
· Interesting talas like Sankeerna Chapu, Mishra Atam, Tishra Dhruva & Tishra Jhampa also used.
· Narrative employs and balances dialogues and descriptions.
· Occasional recitative sections in special situations.
Note: Some of the songs or sections within those have not been used in the San Diego and Cleveland performances in April 2011.
Scene I - PROLOGUE
Krouncha Birds, hunter and Valmiki story – Instrumental music with Bowli and Bhoopalam
Scene II – Celebration of the birth of Rama and others in Ayodhya
Ragamālika Tāḷamālika
P. Bilahari – Khaṇḍa Chāpu
Vaibhōgamē - engum
,, - ayōddhiyil
,, - ayōddhi mānagaramengum
,, - rāma lakṣhmaṇa bharata shatrughnar janana
A.P. tām tām ena pala mangaiyarum āḍiḍa
dheem dheem ena dundubhi mudal muzhangiḍa
dhām dhoom ena dasharathan dānangal sheidiḍa
hreem kleem ena mangala poojaihaḷ todarndiḍa
C.1. Kōsalam – Ādi
ā … ! ā … ! enra rāmanin
azhuhaiyum annai kōsalaiyin shevik-
kamudena olittiḍa avaḷuḍan
anaivarum miha harushittārē
C.2. Ḍakka – Mishra Chāpu
sumittiraiyin madittiranum
pahuttaṛivum iṇainda iru
su-puttirarum samattuvamāi
amaindiḍa mēḷa tāḷamuḍan
C.3. Darbār – Roopakam
nāṭṭinilē bhāgyavati nānē ena mahan bharatanai
kāṭṭilum rāmanai kaṇḍu mahizhndāḷē kaikēyi
Scene III - The princes’ childhood & education
Endearing childhood
Kātyāyani* Viruttam
tēnena kuralām karum vaṇḍena kuzhalām
meenena nayanamām perum kadiravan kāntiyām
nānena neeyena nālvarum viḷaiyāḍi vaḷara
gnyānam aḍaiya guru vasishṭhariḍam anuppinānē mannan
Gurukulavāsam under Vasishṭha
Kānaḍā Ādi
P. rāja guru idayam kuḷirndiḍavē dina-
rāja kula nālvar kalvi payinṛanar
A P. rāja neetiyum reetiyum rahasiya
beeja mantramum pōr yōjanaihaḷ - eḷidil
C. sāma dāna bhēda daṇḍa vidhihaḷum
sāmamadil tōnṛiya tēn ishaiyum
Scene IV - Vishvamitra’s sacrifice
The illustrious Vishwamitra arrives
Deepakam Khaṇḍa Chāpu
kowshikar vandār… kowshikar vandār…
piṛappil gādi bhoopatiyin kumāranām
poṛuppil valla kshatriyanām – vasishṭharin
muṛaippil vanda rāja rshiyām – tavattin
shiṛappin ghanattil muzhu rshiyām – ajanin
kuṛippil tēriya maharshiyām – tan viḍā
viruppil brahma rshiyām – adē vasishṭharin
uṛaippil nishschayam brahma rshiyām – ulaha
parappil iṇaiyaṭṛa sādhanai sheelarām
a. Dasharatha’s invitation and promise
Kēdāram Ādi (tishra gati)
P. varuha varuha vēdānta vaḷḷalē a-
maruha aṛiya pon āsanattilē neer (varuha)
C. taruha emakku umadu aruḷē
paruhi kaḷippōm anda amudilē
(P) varuha varuha vēdānta vaḷḷalē
taruvēn edaiyum iden vākkē
b. Vishvamitra puts forth his requirement
Simhendramadhyamam Viruttam
maṇṇāḷ mannanē mangaḷam peruhuha nin mānilam tanilē
munnōr vahutta muṛaippaḍiyē lōka nalan kōri – sakala
viṇṇōr mahizha yāgam onṛai mērkoḷḷa siddhi sheiduḷḷēn
ennōr muraiyēṭṛidai kākka rāmanai anuppiḍuvāyē
c. Dasharatha’s diplomatic refusal
Kēdāram Ādi
shiṛiyavan avanena nangaṛiveerē
periya en paḍaiyinai azhaittu shelveerē
veriya avuṇarhaḷai ivarhaḷ velvārē
aṛiya naṛpayanai inidaḍaivārē
d. Vishvamitra’s astonished admonition
Simhēndramadhyamam Tishra Jhampa (Tishra gati)
nākkināl munaindu edaiyum taruvēn ena
vākkaḷittuviṭṭu maṛu taruṇamē pir-
pōkkedaṛkku rājanē en vēḷviyai
kākka rāman inṛi vēṛoruvar vēṇḍēn
tākkiḍuvōr koḍiya asurarhaḷ eninum
neekkiḍuvān rāman avarai ānāl
tookki ninṛiḍum un kulappeyarai poi-
yākkiḍuvāyō neeyē sholvāyē
Vasishṭha’s advise to Dasharatha
Bēgaḍa Viruttam
‘’emmarashē tayakkamēn kaḍum tavam purindu - enniḍamē
brahma rshi enum padavi aḍainda kowshikar
tammaruḷāl nalamē nalhum - sandēham, bhayam enum
nimmiruḷai neekki rāmanaiyum nizhal ilakkuvanaiyum
avaruḍan shella paṇippeerē’’ ena vasishṭhar uṛaikka
mannanum iṇaindānē
Scene V – Tataka’s death
Tāṭakā’s entry and Rāma’s hesitation
Recitation – furious whisper Sankeerṇa Chāpu
daḍa daḍa daḍa ena idayangaḷ naḍungiḍa
paḍa paḍa paḍavena paṛavaihaḷ parandiḍa
maḍa maḍa maḍavena mirugangaḷ maraindiḍa
‘aḍa aḍa aḍa yār?’ enum iḍi kural kēṭṭiḍa -
Charukēshi Ādi
P. tāṭakai vandāḷē lakṣhmaṇanōḍu rāghavanum ninṛu viyandiḍa
C. mooḍi kai tiṛakkum mun avaḷ avarai tākka
‘kol avaḷai’ ena kowshikar paṇikka
peeṭikai inri peṇ vadham sheivadu
sariyō tahumō enru rāman tayanginārē
Vishvamitra advises and urges Rāma to kill Tāṭaka
Hamsanādam Viruttam
mādai ena pārādē shāpam aḍainda yakṣhiṇiyām ivaḷ nallōrkku -
bādhai tandiḍum pātakiyē ayarādē iravil panmaḍangāhum ivaḷ
bōdhai piṛahivaḷai vella muḍiyādē tayangādē rājakumārā
Shahāna Ādi
manukulōttaman kaṇai parakka vē-
danai niṛai avaḷ kadai muḍindadē
munivar āshihaḷ tanai pozhindiḍa
vanamadē vimōchanam aḍaindadē …
Scene VI – Death of Subahu and defeat of Mareecha
Vishvamitra teaches bala – atibala mantra to the Princes
Valachi Viruttam
chittira mayamāna vanamadilē adikālaiyilē mi-
hattiranuḷḷa vishvāmittirarum shatturukkaḷai
kattirikkum attirangaḷuḍan arasha kumārar nalanukku
uttiravādam tarum ‘bala atibala’ enum mantirangal upadēshittārē
The princes guard Vishvamitra’s Siddhashrama and vanquish Subahu & Mareecha
Āndōḷikā Roopakam
P. siddhāshramam tanai raghuveerarhaḷum kāttanarē
shraddhai mihu kowshikarin siddhi niṛaivēriḍavē
A P. siddhar surar vidyādharar anjum baliyai venṛiḍa
siddhi peṛa mādhavanē vāmananāi tavam sheida
C. āṛāvadu iravil vanda shooṛāvaḷi subāhuvai
shree rāman “yamanulaham shēr” ena astiram eiydu
māreechanai dheeramuḍan vāridhiyil taḷḷi - nallōr
teerā bhayam neekki yārum meeṛāppuhazh aḍaindārē
Scene VII – Ahalya’s redemption
Vishwamitra and other sages take the princes to Mithila
Sāvēri Viruttam
yagnyam taḍaiyinṛi rakṣhittu - tan pra-
tignyai niraiveṭṛiya dheerarhaḷai pōṭṛi
mithilaiyil naḍakkum peṛum vaideega vizhāvinai
kāṇa vishvāmitrar azhaittu shenṛārē
Rāma enters Ahalya’s dilapidated hermitage
Yāgapriya Viruttam
vazhiyil veeṇaḍainda vanamonṛil ādaravaṭṛa
āshramam onṛai anaivarum kaṇḍārē
āvaluḍan ādavakula tilakan adennavenṛu vinava
munivarum mahizhvuḍan viḷakkam aḷittāre
Ahalya’s tale recounted by Vishwamitra
Rāmapriya Mishra Chāpu
P. ahaliyai charitam āshcharyam aparimitam
A P. ihamellām puhazhōḍu tihazhum gowtamarē – tan
puhalena ahalādu vehu mahizhvuḍan vāzhnda
C. aham nōkki aham neekki tavam puri munivarar
mukham shaṭṭrē tirumbina samayam dēvēndiran
mihavum chapalamuḍan avar vēḍam dharittavaḷ
sukham aḍaindānē - idu terindum madi marandāḷē
M K. anda taruṇam vanda gowtamar indiranin vasantaleelai a-
ṛindu uḷḷam nondu shinam kalandu shāpam tandārē
Gowtama’s curse to Indra
Gambheera Nāṭṭai Viruttam
mahēndirā mahā tantirā - enda uruppai mun vaittu
undan poṛuppai tuṛandāyō adai izhakka kaḍavāyē
Gowtama’s curse on Ahalya
Ranjani Viruttam
oḷivaittazhuvi teḷivai izhanda ahalyā ! nee oḷiyum izhandu ulahil maṛaindu
eḷimai aṛivāyāha - kaḷankamillā rāman unai meeṭka meeṇḍum ennai aḍaivāyāha
Ahalya’s redemption
Navarasakannaḍa Ādi
āshramam adil rāghavan aḍi vaikka – ma
hāshramam neengi avaḷ viḷangināḷē
Scene VIII – Rama meets Seeta in Mithila
Mithila and Seeta’s beauty
Karnaṭaka Shuddhasāvēri Viruttam
vēdāgama oli ōnga kēṭpōr manavali neenga
seetaiyin sarasānga azhahai kaṇḍōr ēnga
Rāma & Seeta glance
Suraṭi Ādi
aṇṇal avaḷai orē kaṇam pārkka
avarum avaḷai adē kaṇam nōkka
kaṇ imaiyena iru manam sandikka
bhuviyil yāruḷar idai varuṇikka
Dialogue between Rāma and Seeta (with their eyes within a fraction of a second)
Kalyāṇi (Padavarṇam) Ādi
Seeta :
P. kaṇ shollum kadai aṛiyāyō vārija-
nayananē sumukhanē amudanē (en)
A P. maṇṇāḷum vēndanō dēvāsuranō
manmathan maindanō ariyēn
S S. kaṇattilē en manattilē padam vaittu vishvaroopam dharitta - nee
dhanattilē al inattilē ettaramāhinum ennai ēṭraruḷvāyē
Rama :
C. nayana kāviyamē ōviyamē
i) kanaka shilaiyē mana valaiyē (nayana)
ii) muzhumadi nilavai pratiphalittiḍum
nin vadanamē ini en ulahamē (nayana)
iii) nava nidhihaḷum iniya karumbinai pazhikkum
unadu punmuṛuvalukkiṇai varumō
nava girahangaḷaiyum dasha dikpālaraiyum
aḍimai sheidāḷum tiranuḷḷa - vēl (nayana)
iv) shankariyin tiru roopamadai nēril darishittillēn
veṇ kamalam vaḷar bhāratiyai verum ālayam adilē pārttuḷēn
en kanavilum oorvashi tilōttamai mudalōrai kaṇḍillēn
ivvanaivarum iṇaindu un vaḍivam eḍuttārō sholvāi ravi shashi nigar
nayana kāviyamē ōviyamē
S S. kaṇattilē en manattilē padam vaittu vishvaroopam dharitta - unnai
dhanattilē al vanattilē evvidhamāhinum pālittiḍuvēnē
P. kaṇ shollum kadai aṛivēnē dēvi…
Scene IX – Rama breaks bow and people celebrate
Janaka welcomes Vishvamitra
Dhanyāshi Ādi
P. dhanyanānēn moordhanyanānēn
gaṇyarē ungaḷ varuhaiyināl - nān
A P. puṇyamāna dhanusai pāreer – subra
maṇyan tandai vara prasādamē
Rāma looks at the Shiva’s bow
Hameerkalyāṇi Mishra Chāpu
P. aiyāyiram pērhaḷ eḍuttu vanda villai
ayyan rāghavan kaṇḍārē - kaṇḍu āshchariyam aḍaindārē
Janaka outlines the rules of the contest he had for anyone seeking Sita in marriage
Dhanyāshi (part II) Adi
S C: puṇyamāna dhanusai pāreer – subra
maṇyan tandai vara prasādamē
janyamāhi shila varuḍangaḷilē
en mahaḷ idai kaiyāṇḍa taramē
M K. inda pōṭṭiyin vidhi vaguttadē sundara māveerarhaḷiḷ evarē
tan tiranāl idai vaḷaittu nāṇinai bandhanam sheivārō avarē – seetaiyin
sondam ena diḍham sheidēn - tahudi uḷḷōr
veṭṛiyinai peṛuvārē - idu varaiyil vandavarhaḷ vizhundārē ….
Janaka wonders if Rama can break the bow
Hameerkalyāṇi (part II) Mishra Chāpu
C. kaiyāḷa iyalumō vaiyattinōr idai
‘peiyyāda mazhaiyō iduvum’ ena meiyyāna mithilēshar viyandārē
Special effects, as Rama breaks the bow upon Vishwamitra’s nod
Dasharatha arrives in Mithila for Rama-Seeta wedding
Saraswatimanōhari Viruttam
paramānandamuḍan janakar nar-sheidiyai ayōddhikkanuppa
parivārangaḷuḍan dasharathan uḍanē mithilai vandaḍaindārē
People sing the praises of Rāma and Seeta’s during the wedding
Rāgamalika (Sarasvati & Nārāyaṇi) Ādi
P. (S) tirumaṇamē seetai tirumaṇamē
(N) tirumaṇamē rāman tirumaṇamē
M.K: (S) vara mahaḷām bhoomi tarumahaḷām a
yōddhi marumahaḷē engaḷ maṇamahaḷē
(N) tava mahanām savam tanda mahanām soo-
riya kula mahanām engaḷ maṇamahanē
C 1. (S) koḍiyiḍaiyāḷ anna naḍaiyuḍaiyāḷ aḍar
shaḍaiyuḍaiyāḷ sunayanaiyin mahaḷē
(N) diḍhamuḍaiyān ellā viḍaiyuḍaiyān perum
paḍaiyuḍaiyān chakravartti tirumahanē
C 2. (S) sarasvatiyin aruḷināl kalaihaḷil shiṛandavaḷ engaḷ maṇamahaḷē
(N) nārāyaṇi maṇāḷan dhanusadanai muṛittavan engaḷ maṇa mahanē
(S) parasparam ivarhaḷ iṇaiyum vivāhamadai kāṇbadu nam bhāggiyamē
(N) pārāyaṇam sheidiḍuvōmē inimēl inidē iruvar tiṛanai nāmē
P. (S) tirumaṇamē seetā varan maṇamē - engum
(N) narumaṇamē shērndadiru manamē . . .
Scene IX – Rama-Seeta and other princes’ wedding
Punnāgavarāḷi Khaṇḍa Chāpu
P. kalyāṇamē kōlāhalam - nagaril
yāvarin manattinai kutoohalitta
C 1. vil ēndum rāghavan vaidēhi jānaki
oormiḷai lakṣhmaṇan māṇḍavi bharatanum
vallunan shatrughnanai kavar shrtakeerti
yāvarukkum adē vēḷaiyil mēḍaiyil
C 2. prasishṭha kowshikar shatānandarum shoozha
vasishṭharum mun ninṛu muṛaiyuḍan naḍattiya
Scene X – Rama tames Parashurama as everyone returns to Ayodhya
Parashurāma’s stormy entry
Vasanta Ādi
P. puyalena parashurāmar vandār vi-
nayamāna rāman valimai darishittiḍavē
C. niyamamum nērmaiyum aramum maṛaittu
tuyaramum bheetiyum engum niṛaittu
suya mānamum gowravamum tulaitta
kayavarāna arashar vanamazhitta (puyalena)
Parashurāma challenges Rāma
Yadukulakāmbōdhi Viruttam
eḷidu eḷidu nee mithilaiyil kaṇḍa pōṭṭi
enadu hari dhanusil sharam iyalumenil kooṭṭi
peridu peridu nin bhuja balamām adai kāṭṭi
puhazh aḍaivāi en nigar valimai nilai nāṭṭi
Vasanta (Contd.) Ādi
dayaratha mannavan bhayamuḍan miha miha
nayamuḍan bhārgava rāman dayai nāḍinān
Rāma wins the challenge and everyone returns home
Jhōnpuri Ādi
Tishra gati:
punmuṛuvaluḍan rāghavan viṣhṇu dhanusai nimirttiḍa
tan muzhuttiṛanai parashurāmar avanukkaḷittiḍa
nan munivarum vanōrhaḷum nanṛu nanṛena puhazhndiḍa
kaṇ muzhuvadum neer niṛainda dasharathan pāsham vaḷarndiḍa
Chaturashra gati:
anaivarum rāmanai vāzhttinarē
mahizhvuḍan yāttirai toḍarndanare
ayōddhiyai sukhamuḍan aḍaindanarē (nāṭ-
ṭinai mihattiranuḍan āṇḍanarē)
Scene XI – Epilogue – Celebrations and Mangalam
Khamāch (Tillānā) Roopakam (Chaturashra Tishram & chaturashra gati)
P. tarikiṭa takajhaṇu tōm dhr dhr takadhimi
takadhina tōm takadhina tōm takadhina
A P. ta.ka.dhina takadhina tōm (a) tarikiṭatōm (b) tākiṭa dheekiṭa namkiṭa
tadhingiṇatōm tarikiṭa tōm taka tadhingiṇatōm
tarikiṭa tōm takadhina tadingiṇatōm (tarikiṭa)
C. sākēta nagaril piṛavi eḍuttavan
lakṣhmaṇa bharata ripughnaril moottavan
shree kowshikar savam kāttavan ahalyaiyin
vēdanai teerttavan seetai manattavan ravi shashi lōchanan
M K. takiṭa takiṭa takiṭa tām takadhimi takadhimi takadhimi tām
tadhingiṇatōm tadhingiṇatōm tadhingiṇatōm tām
tāddheengiṇatōm tāddheengiṇatōm tāddheengiṇatōm tām
tāddheetadhingiṇatōm tāddheetadhingiṇatōm tāddheetadhingiṇatōm
tākiṭa dheekiṭa namkiṭa takadhina tōm takaṇaka tarikiṭa
(a) jhaṇutaka dheem jhaṇutaka jhaṇutaka dheem jhaṇutaka jhaṇutaka jhaṇutaka
(b) jhaṇutaka dheem jha.ṇu.ta.ka. dheem jha..ṇu..ta..ka (tarikiṭa)
Shree (Mangalam) Mishra Chāpu
P: mangaḷam jaya mangaḷam mangaḷam nitya mangaḷam
C: mangaḷam nāradāya sarva mangaḷam ādi kavivarāya
mangaḷam kambāya tuḷaseedāsāya sakala mangaḷam
mangaḷam sowmitri bharata ripughnāgrajāya rāmāya
mangaḷam seetā kāntāya mangaḷam nitya mangaḷam
Bala Kandam – Deleted Scenes
Scenes - 1
Rama breaks it upon Vishwamitra’s nod
Mukhāri Viruttam
vishvāmitrarum rāmanukku shaihai kāṭṭiḍa
vishvāsamuḷḷa ilakkuvanum urchāgamooṭṭiḍa
vishwēshvaranin chāpamadai eḷidil nimirtti
vishvattinōr tihaikka adai vaḷaittu murittārē
[Special effects as Rama breaks the bow.]
Scenes 2 – Parashurama – Rama encounter
Vasanta (Contd. After Yadukulakambodhi, elidu elidu) Ādi
dayaratha mannavan bhayamuḍan miha miha
nayamuḍan bhārgava rāman dayai nāḍiyum
bhayamilā parashurāmar shonnār
Parashurama narrates the story of Vishnu’s & Shiva’s bows and their epic battle.
Rasikapriya Viruttam
kōdanḍarāma shevikkoḷ idai:
vishvakarnan amaitta miha mahattuvamāna iru villinai
tripuram azhikka shivaniḍamum tribhuvanam pālikka mādhavaniḍamum
dēvarhaḷ aḷittanar - piṛahu
Husēni Roopakam
ariyō aranō ena surarum vādāḍiḍa
piraman adai teerttiḍa avaruḍan viḷaiyāḍiḍa
iruvar iḍaiyil perum pōr onṛu vaḷarndiḍa
iramai ramaṇan paraman villai taharttiḍa
Chandrajyōti Viruttam
anaivarum araṇḍu uḍane pōr tanai niṛutta
iru chāpamum bhoolōkamadai aḍaindana
nee murittadonṛu nān piḍittadonṛu idai parishōdittu pārpāyāha
Then Jhonpuri (pun muruvaludan)
Chitravina N Ravikiran’s - Yuddha Kāṇḍam
Highlights
· Follows Valmiki’s original version for the most part but occasionally draws from Kamban.
· Features around 40 compositions (including short pieces and viruttams) in 51 ragas.
· A few instrumental sections feature Ravikiran’s world music concept, Melharmony.
· A couple of meter-based compositions, some in chanda talas, tiruppugazh style.
· Relatively rare ragas such as Dhatuvardhini & Padi employed.
· A short composition in a new raga Sanjeevini discovered by the composer.
· A special ragamalika with interesting word play for Mandodari’s grief in Mishra Ata tala where the first laghu visualizing the Lord as Vishnu is in Bhairavi and the rest (portraying him as Rama) in Sindhubhairavi
· Other interesting talas include Tishra Dhruvam & Mishra Roopakam.
· A first of its kind multi-raga-tala-language composition for the grand coronation (Pattabishekam) of Rama that draws from Carnatic, Hindustani and folk traditions.
· Narrative employs and balances dialogues and descriptions.
PRELUDE
A recap of the Ramayana up to the end of Sundara Kandam...
Reetigowḷa Viruttam
pitrvākhya paripālanam sheida rāman
seeta lakshmaṇanuḍan vana vāsam mērkonḍa taruṇamadilē dēvar –
shatru dashakanṭha rāvaṇan kapaṭa vēsha nāṭakam āḍi
jānakiyai apaharaṇam sheidadai arinda rāghavan dhootanāha
lankai shenṛuvanda anumanai anaivarum pōṭri varavēṭranarē
Scene I – Choodamani
Rama gets to see Seeta’s Choodamani, brought back by Anjaneya after his successful mission to Lanka.
Reetigowḷa Chaturashra Jhampa
P. chooḍāmaṇiyaikkaṇḍār muḍi
shooḍā mannan sākētarāman (chooḍāmaṇiyai)
A P. kāḍai nāḍāha māṭṛiya avaḷ
shooḍum ezhilai ninainduruhiyē (chooḍāmaṇiyai)
C. kaḍal kaḍandu lankai aḍaindashōka vanattil
seetaiyai kaṇḍu ārudal kooṛi mōdiram tandu
uḍal perukki nāshangaḷ sheidu akshakumāran
mudal arakkar tamai edirttavarai azhittu
M K. rāvaṇanai kaṇḍu tavaruhaḷ anaittum uṛaittu nagarai eritta
pāvanan pavanakumāranai puhazhndu aṇaittu kaṇṇeer vaḍittu
Scene II – Ravana’s war council
Ravana convenes a council of his ministers to discuss the war
Shankarābharaṇam Ādi
polivuḍan ulahinil ilankaiyē talai ena
valimaiyil nilamellām ivan nigar ilai ena
kulappagai amararin kanavilum kali ena
Viruttam
ellōrin sammadam peṭṛa rāvaṇan rāman varum sheidi aṛindu
mantrālōchanai mēṛkoḷḷa anaivarum avanai pōr sheiyya tooṇḍavē
varuttamuḍan vibheeshaṇan upadēsham sheidānē
Vibheeshana’s lone voice of dissent at Ravana’s court
Malahari Chanda tāḷam
shivabhaktiyil iṇaiyaṭṛu kōḍimuṛai manamāra vandittu
tavashaktiyil ulahattu dāsarhaḷai uḷamāra nindittu
navasiddhihaḷ tamai peṭru lōkamadai vashamākki bandhittu
Malahari Mishra Chāpu
vidhiyum nirjara patiyum undanai madikka sheida mahāveerā
madiyum yuktiyum azhahum āṭralum anaittum koṇḍa peṛum shoorā
madamum mōhamum iṇaindu nee vazhi vahuttadinda avapperā
Indrajit flays Vibheeshana
Shuddhasāvēri Mishra Chāpu
P. yār enna sheyyamuḍiyum- en tandaiyai
pōrinilē vandu kāṇbeer em vindaiyai
C. pērinil neer vibheeshaṇarē
pēchchinilē bhaya bhooṣhaṇarē
Vibheeshana rebukes Indrajit and continues to advise Ravana
Sunādavinōdini Viruttam
aṛivum aṛamum aṛavē turanda āṭral veeramalla
shiriyōr periyōr vachanam kaṇamum mozhidal sāramalla
indiranai aḍakka chālum nin tiranē su-
tantiranai azhikka udavādu tantiramē
Malahari Mishra Roopakam
rāvaṇā ālōchanai sheidu:
naranē eninum nāḍiḍuvāi rāmanai
sharaṇē ena nee jānakiyai tandavan
varanēsham adai tēḍiḍuvāi a) uḍanē
naranē ... tēḍiḍuvāi b) tērndiḍuvāi
Ravana accuses Vibheeshana of disloyalty and disowns him
Bangāḷa Viruttam
nanṛi maṛandōr nanṛiruppārō! – aṛi
vinṛi bhayaminṛi enakkupadēsham sheivadu
nanṛō! – pashuvai tākkum kanṛu
inṛē vēriḍam shenṛē vāzhvadu nanṛē
Scene III– Bridge across the sea and initial battle
Vibheeshana seeks refuge in Rama
Kiraṇāvaḷi Roopakam
P. vibheeṣhaṇan irāmanai sharaṇaḍaindu vandān
vibheeṣhaṇan irāmanai sharaṇaḍaindu ninṛān
C. subhāṣhaṇan irāghavan anaivarin karuttai kēṭka
‘vēṣhakkāran! oṭran!’ enṛu angadan jāmbhavan mudalōr
ghōṣhanam sheidiḍa dasharatha sutan punnagaiyuḍan ‘vinaya
bhooṣhaṇānjanēyā nee sholvāyē’ ena paṇikka
Viruttam
'nallavan ivan nambināl nalam’ enṛavar uṛaittārē
Rama grants refuge... and Lanka to Vibheeshana
Mōhanam Ādi
nālvarāna nāngaḷ naṇban guhanuḍan
aivarāna pirahu sugreevanuḍan
āṛu sōdararānōm inṛu
ēzhānōm - lankai unadē
Viruttam
ena kooṛi kōdanḍapāṇi vibheeshaṇanai ālinganam sheidaruḷinārē
Rama prays to the Sea God but is enraged by the latter’s indifference and threatens to destroy the sea.
Dhāturvardhini Chanting
ōm namah shivāya
ōm samudra rājāya namaha
ōm sagareshwarāya namaha
ōm vāhineeshāya namaha
Nāṭṭaikkuranji Ādi
P. kaḍalena pongi ezhuvēnē alaik-
kaḍalin alakṣhiyam avalakṣhaṇamallavō lakṣhmaṇā nān
C. noḍiyil oru bāṇam toḍuttidai aḍakki
iḍaminṛi sheyya muḍiyādō (ennāl)
aḍi paṇindiḍam koḍuttiḍa kēṭṭiḍum ennai
aḍimaiyena gaṇippōr aḍiyōḍazhivārē
The Lord of the Seas hastily emerges and advises them to build a bridge over it.
Varāḷi Viruttam
raghurāman muzhakkam kēṭṭa nadeeshan vehuvāna
vēgattuḍan munvandu paṇivuḍan
’prabhō ! samuddiram iyaṛkaikku māṛupaṭṭu ahanṛāl vipareetam allavō?
eninum aṇaikkaṭṭi ennai kaḍandu shelveer... vijayam aḍaiveer’
ena upāyam terivikka
Bridge work successfully undertaken and completed by Rama’s army.
Mohana Kalyāṇi Adi
anila sutan jāmbhavan mudal shiriyadōr
aṇil varai anaivarum adai sheidanarē..
Rama sends Angada to Ravana to initiate a peaceful settlement again but the latter is complacent and embraces destruction.
Shuddhadhanyāshi Viruttam
sētu bandhanam sheidu kaṇkavar lankai aḍainda manu varan
kētu nizhal vizhu chandiran pōnṛa dashamukhanukku angadanai
toodanuppi pōrtanai tavirkka bodhaṇai sheiyya paṇittārē -
eninum ‘enakkē teriyum ellām’ enum vipareeta buddhiyuḍan
vināshamadai avan tazhuvinānē
Battle commences
Pāḍi Ādi
P. samaram tuvangiyadē - samaram tuvangiyadē
samarasam shāindiḍavē - samaram tuvangiyadē
A P. kumaran sama valimai niṛai ayōddhi nagar
kumararin talaimayil naḷa neelānjanai
kumaranum tākkiḍa kēṭppavar uḷḷangaḷ
kumuriḍa rākṣhasarum garujittiḍa (samaram)
C. dēvāntaka narāntakātikāya kumbha nikumbhākampanādiratha
māveeran indrajayanin talaimayil mā veriyuḍan vānararai taharttiḍa (samaram)
Indrajit’s conquest of Rama and Lakshmana in his first battle
Chenchukāmbōdhi Ādi
P. veeran avan allavō - mā
veeran avan allavō - vāsavanaiyum
aḍakki venṛu naḍunga sheida
C. sugreeva jāmbhavadangadaraiyum
kaḍum pōr sheidu veezhttiya pinnar da-
shagreevan mahan lakṣhmaṇanai venṛu
diḍham koṇḍu rāmanaiyum tāzhttiya (veeran)
Rama and Lakshmana swoon to Indrajit’s Nagastram
Ravichandrika Mishra Chāpu
P. rāma lakṣhmaṇarum mayangi vizhundārē
kāmitam aḍainda rākṣhasarum kaḷittārē (rāma)
C. ‘nāmē venṛōm’ enṛa māmeghanādanai
prēmaiyuḍanē lankai māmannanum pōṭri
M K. bhoomi mahaḷuḍan pōrkkaḷam shenṛu
shyāman uḍalinai kāṇbittu ‘un
svāmi nilaiyai kaṇṇāra pār ini
nēmamuḍanē ennōḍu vāzh’ enavē
‘nee mirugamō’ enṛavaḷum vizhundāḷe…
Garuda arrives and saves the princes
Dharmavati Roopakam
vinatai mahanām garuḍan
inidē varuhai taravē
punidar uḍalai shoozhndiḍum
gaṇa nāgangaḷ ōḍiḍavē
Viruttam
tēri vanditta iruvaraiyum vāzhttiyē avar maraindāre
yuddham toḍarndiḍa pramukhāsurarhaḷ māindiḍa
rāvaṇanē pōrkkaḷam vandān
Scene IV – Ravana’s first and Kumbhakarna’s last battles
Initial battle of Rama and Ravana
Vāsanti Mishra Chāpu
P. rāvaṇa rāmar yuddhamē ulahangaḷ engum nishabdamē
C 1. dēva kinnarar yakṣha kinkarar
vānarāsurar shilaihaḷāhiḍa (rāvaṇa)
Behāg
C 2. rathamadil dashakanṭhanum mā-
ruti bhujangaḷil mythileeshanum
ati parākramamuḍan pahaivanai
vidhi muḍittiḍa pōr purindiḍa (rāvaṇa)
Rama gives a second chance to Ravana
Kēdāragowḷa Khaṇḍa Chāpu
maṇḍōdareeshanai nirāyudhapāṇiyākki
kaṇḍittu rāghavan uṛaittārē
Vasantabhairavi Viruttam
venṛiruppēn unnai konṛiruppēn eninum
onṛumillādōnai shāippaden valimaikku nanṛō
inṛunakku viḍai taṛuhirēn kubhērānujā!
shenṛu nalla nāḷ onṛu tēḍi varuvāyē
Ravana - humiliated but enraged, orders his staff to wake up Kumbhakarna
Hamsānandi Viruttam
mānavan mun mānam izhanda dānavōttaman abhi-
mānam mikka kumbhakarṇanai ezhuppa ādēsham tandānē –
vanda avan aṇṇanai kaḍumaiyāha kaṇḍittānē
Kumbhakarna’s battle and death
Sārangā Ādi
P. nāḍi vandān ghaṭakarṇan bhoomi
āḍi naḍungiḍa arasha kumārarai
A P. ōḍum malai onṛu varuhiradē ena
kooḍi irunda rāman sēnai shidariḍa
C. (a) vāyu putranuḍan vāli sōdaran - u
pāyam sheidavanai takkiḍvē
(b) vāyu putranaiyum shāya sheidu
hāyamāhavē pōrkkaḷamadil - pala
āyiram vānararhaḷai noḍiyil teerttu
pāyum sugreevanai shiṛai kōṇḍānē
M K. edirpārā vahaiyil vāli sōdaran avaniḍam irundu pizhaittu ōḍiḍa
kadir kulam tōnṛiya lakṣhmaṇa rāmarum adiraḍi ena avanai tuḷaittanarē
udiram izhandum nillādavan kaihaḷaiyum kālhaḷaiyum khaṇḍa tuṇḍam sheidu
ediri veerarhaḷum ‘hā hā’ ena rāmanum avanai vānuhalam anuppinārē
Indrajit returns to the battle even as Rāvaṇa mourns Kumbhakarṇa’s loss
Kanakāngi Viruttam
kumbhakarṇanai izhandu tuḍitta rāvaṇan
pōril innum pala chedangaḷ aḍaiya
kaḷam tirumbinān mēghanādan
Scene V – Indrajit’s final battle
Indrajit again conquers Rama and Lakshmana.
Chenchukāmbōdhi Ādi
P. veeranavan allavō
A P. ghōramāha kumbhakarṇan azhiya a-
pāra sāhasamuḍan vānararum
pōril veṭṛiyai tēḍa - vēdanai
meeṛina rāvaṇan uḷam kuḷir sheida (veeran)
C (Tishra gati):
māri māri mun ninṛu māyamāi maraindu gavaya gavākṣhan
kēsari mudalōrai turatti - dheeramuḍan brahmāstram eidu
meeṇḍum rāmanuḷpaḍa yāvaraiyum veezhttiya (veeran)
Jambhavn urges Hanuman to get the Sanjeevini herbs to save everyone.
Vijayanāgari Viruttam
brahmāstiramadin sarva nāsham
enjinōr manadil klēsham
kaṇṇediril yamapāsham
innilaiyil jāmbhavān anumanai kōrinārē
Vijayanāgari Rupakam
neeyē gati māruti eḍuttu varuvāi sanjeevini
Hanumān brings back a whole mountain, Sanjeevini and all
Sanjeevini* Mishra Chāpu
vāyu vēgattil pāyum ānjanēyar
owshadhi malaiyai vehu u-
pāyamāhavē tandanaivarkum
tāyai pōl uyir aḷittārē
Indrajit’s final battle and his death at the hands of Lakshmana
Gowḍamalhār Viruttam
idan iḍaiyil mantra chittanāna indrajittum
tanadu yāgamadai muḍikka muṛppaḍa
adanai aṛinda vibheeṣhaṇan sahāyamuḍan
nidrāhāram inṛi eerēzhu varuḍa vratam
sheida lakṣhmaṇan mahā dheeramuḍan
avan paralōkam aḍaiya udavinānē
Scene VI – Ravana’s death
Rāvaṇa re-enters battle field and slays monkeys
Poorvikalyāṇi Ādi
‘māṇḍavarai pazhi vāngiḍuvēn idai
āṇḍavarē tavirkka iyalādu’ ena
meenḍum rāvaṇan vandān…
(vānararhaḷai āyiramena konṛānē)
The final battle between Rama and Ravana
Vāsanti Mishra Chāpu
P. rāvaṇa rāmar yuddhamē ulahangaḷ engum nishabdamē
C 1. dharmamum adharmamum neetiyum aneetiyum
karmamum kāmamum enṛum engum sheidiḍum pōridē
Kannaḍa Ādi
C 2. iḍiyuḍan kooḍiya ghana mazhaiyō illai
iruvarum pozhindiḍum kaṇai mazhaiyō
Vāsanti (continues)
C 3. irudiyil tiranōḍu rāvaṇan shiramadai raghurāman veezhttiḍa
aṛai noḍiyil talai vēṛu muḷaikka anaivarum biramittu ninṛiḍa
maṛupaḍiyum tiranōḍu rāvaṇan shiramadai raghurāman veezhttiḍa
aṛai noḍiyil talai vēṛu muḷaikka anaivarum biramittu ninṛiḍa
Rama finally uses the Brahmastra and kills Ravana
Ābhēri Viruttam
nooṛu muṛaikku mēl inda atishayam naḍakka
dēvasārathi mātali rāghavanai brahmāstiram prayōgikka vēṇḍa
rāman tiranuḍan adai shelutti rāvaṇanai vadham sheidārē
Mandodari hears about Ravana’s death and rushes to the battle scene
Aṭhāṇā Ādi
aṇḍāṇḍam āṇḍa rāvaṇan maṛaindiḍa
maṇḍōdari kural angu niṛaindiḍa
Mandodari’s lament after Ravana’s death citing that Rama is Vishnu’s re-incarnation
Bhairavi (B) & Sindhubhairavi (S) Mishra Aṭa
P. (B) ēn inda viṣha parikṣhai aiyā
en nigar illā manida peṇṇināl in nilai aḍaindeer (ēn inda)
C 1. (B) ajan māran janakanē bhuviyil
(SB) ajan kumāra sutanē ena nān nangaṛivēnē
(B) bhoomi ramākāntanē inṛu
(SB) bhoomi sutā kāntanē enṛu shaṭṛuṇarāmal (ēn inda)
C 2. (B) pārkaḍal kaḍaindavanē anṛu
(SB) neer kaḍal naḍandavanē inṛu enṛarivēnē
(B) ravi shashi mudalōr tozhum moolan
(SB) ravi kulamadil tōnṛiya sheelan umaduyir kālan (ēn inda)
Rama hands over Lanka to Vibheeshana
Aṭhāṇā Ādi
P. aṇḍāṇḍam āṇḍa rāvaṇan maṛaindiḍa
C. kaṇḍōr koṇḍāḍa vibheeṣhaṇanukku i-
raṇḍām shollillāmal lankai aḷittārē - rāmar
Scene VII – Seeta’s purity
Vibheeshana brings back Seeta to Rama but he shuns her
Gowḷa Viruttam
miha mariyādaiyuḍan vibheeṣhaṇan bhoo mahaḷai rāmaniḍam shērkka
aham mahizhndavaḷ āvaluḍan avarai pārkka
kaḍum shollambināl tākki maṛuttārē avaḷai ēṛkka
Seeta‘s sorrowful but scathing reply to Rama
Kāpi Ādi
P. ivarum oru kaṇavarō - lakṣhmaṇā
ivarum oru kaṇavarō - en
avanilai aṛiyādavadoor uṛaikkum
A P. evaḷ pativratai ozhungaṭravaḷ evaḷ ena
ivar aṛiyārō - idayam izhanda (ivarum)
C 1.pattu mādam pala chittiravadhaihaḷ sahittu nizhalattu vāzhnda podinum
mattavar nizhalum aṇuha viḍāda parishuddhamāna en vidhi iduvō
pattu talaiyil kāmam irundum rāvaṇan attu meeṛa iyalumō ennuḍan
ittanaiyum nangaṛindum ennai pazhittu bhuviyil nalla peyarai nāḍiḍum (ivarum)
C 2.kanavilum nanavilum enaduyir ivarena kadirum madiyumē sākṣhi
vanam ashōkam tanil ennai kāval sheida tirijaḍai mudalōr sākṣhi
anavaratam iṇaitta engaḷ vivāham kaṇḍa agniyē sākṣhi adē
aṇalinai vaḷarppāi neeyē kaṇam ini sahiyēnē viḍai peṛuhirēn nānē (ivarum)
A guiltless Seeta enters the cool fire but it is Rama who burns from within
Janaranjani Mishra Chāpu
P. teeyinil iṛangināḷ vaidēhi - kuḷirum
teeyinil iṛangināḷ vaidēhi - nilavinum kuḷirum
teeyinil iṛangināḷ vaidēhi - kaṇḍavar nondiḍa rāmanum vendiḍa
C. pāyum kānchana māya māninai ‘nāyakā idai tā’ ena kēṭka
āyiramena toḍarnda vinaihaḷ kāyamenum mananōi ahanḍṛiḍa (teeyinil)
The God of Fire himself certifies Seeta’s sanctity and Rama accepts her and everyone returns to Ayōdhya
Shaṇmukhapriyā Viruttam
agnidēvanē avaḷai rāmaniḍam aḷikka
avaravaḷai aṇaikka anaivarum kaḷikka
avanimahaḷ polivu akhilamengum jwalikka
ayan amarar munivarhaḷ shei tavam phalikka
Shaṇmukhapriyā Ādi
parivāramuḍan puṣhpakam ēṛi
bharatanai kāttiḍa shenṛārē rāmar
aṛam ninṛiḍa nararhaḷukku vazhi kāṭṭum
viratam adai varadan venṛārē
The Grand Finale
Celebrations across the whole land as Rama’s Coronation finally becomes a reality
[This is a rāgamālika &tāḷamālika in 5 languages that features Carnatic, Hindustani as well as folk styles.]
Pushpalatika Ādi
P. shree rāma paṭṭābhishēkamē - anbar
uḷḷattil kṣheerābhishēkamē
A P. sheerōḍu guru vasiṣhṭharin vidhippaḍiyē
teerādu neerōḍum gangai sindhu yamunā jalamuḍanē
C 1. mandirangaḷil nān maṛaiyuḍan pala mantirangaḷ olittiḍa geetangaḷ rā –
man tiranai varuṇittiḍa mantiri sumantirarum kooni mandaraiyum mahizh (shree rāma)
Hamsadhvani (Kannaḍā) Ādi
C 2. tandeya mātu pālisida ateeta sundarānga parishuddhāntaranga
vandisida vibheeṣhaṇanigē rājya ondu arjisida ninagē jaya jaya
Ānandabhairavi (Telugu) Mishra Chāpu
C 3. sadā mamu brōchuṭaku neevē gadā mudākara satya sam-
padāpoora nishāchara kula vidāra nee padāmbujamē gati
Basant (Hindi) Ādi
C 4. basō man mē din din hamārā bharat lakṣhmaṇ shatrughn pyārā
hasō man sē sadā raghuveerā dharaṇi sutā lōchan kē tārā
Chindu (Tamil) Ādi (tishra gati)
C 5. shiva dhanusum ari dhanusum puruvamena konḍavā
tavattalaivarhaḷin tuyaram tuḍaittu manam āṇḍavā
navarasamum tadumbiḍum jānakiyin uyir vallavā
avuṇar kulam azhittu aṛam vaḷartta perum nallavā
Rēvati (Sanskrit) Sankeerṇa Chāpu
C 6. sāketa pāla jaya mangaḷam - sangeeta lōla shubha mangaḷam
sanmārga māla jaya mangaḷam - shiṣhṭhānukoola shubha mangaḷam
ravi kula chandana khala gaṇa bhanjana
ravi shishyānjanā suta mana ranjana
ravi shashi lōchanāmbuja vadana – shata
ravi kiraṇa tēja mangaḷam - sahasra
ravi kiraṇa tēja mangaḷam - kōṭi
mangaḷam - mangaḷam - mangaḷam
Yuddha Kandam - Deleted Scenes
Scene 1
Kumbhakarna’s admonishes Ravana but sticks by his side and goes out to battle
Kāmbōdhi Mishra Chāpu
P. ayyanē en ayyanē tamaiyanē
M K. idu tahumō eerēzhulaham veṇṛāṇḍiḍum nāyakanāhiya (ayyanē)
A P. ayyanē - neeṇḍa pattiru
kaiyyanē - kailāya giri tookka munainda
meiyyanē - surēndiranum anjiḍum peṛum pa-
ḍaiyanē - mooḍha sheyalāl maraṇam tēḍum ma-
ḍaiyanē - nee eninum en (ayyanē)
C. pādi varuḍam uranginālum naḍanda kadai nān aṛivēnē
mādaiyai niṛai rāmanin uyir seetaiyai apaharaṇam sheidadu
neetiyō ? ena kēṭka enakku bheetiyō ? eninum ennai kākkum
nādanē inda uḍalil uyir uḷḷavarai nanṛi maṛavēnē (ayyanē)
Scene 2 – More battles
Sugreeva and Angada slay a few warriors
Kadanakutoohalam Viruttam
idaikkaṇḍu vehuṇḍa vānarar nāyakan viroopākṣhan mahōdaranuḍan
samaram sheidu iruvarkum ivvulahil irundu viḍai koḍuttānē
Rāvaṇa fights with Lakṣhmaṇa
Phalamanjari Viruttam
kodittezhunda mahāpārshvanai jāmbavān
tuṇaiyuḍan angadan vadham sheiyya shinamuḍan
rāvaṇan sowmitriyuḍan pōr purindānē
Ravana downs Lakshmana
Kannaḍa Ādi
iḍiyuḍan kooḍiya ghana mazhaiyō ilai
iruvarum pozhindiḍum kaṇai mazhaiyō
muḍivil lakṣhmaṇan mayangiḍavē
An enraged Rama fights Ravana again and sends him packing
Vāsanti Mishra Chāpu
P. rāvaṇa rāma yuddhamē ulahangaḷ engum nishabdamē
C. vandiṇainda vibheeṣhaṇan pālitta sōdaranai tuḷaittu e-
ṛinda lankēshan ratham uḍalai varutti turattinārē
Rama is deeply distressed about his brother’s condition
Ghaṇṭa Ādi
P. uyir irundum enna payan vāḍiya
payirallavō nān lakṣhmaṇan inṛi
C. ayarādu shiridum ādi shēṣhanaippōl
anudinamum en ānandamō al
tuyarō tanadenakkarudi urimaiyuḍan
tuṇai tanda sahōdaran inṛi en (uyir irundum)
Hanuman saves Lakshmana again with the hill of herbs
Neelāmbari Viruttam
anubhavam mikka suṣhēṇar ālōchanai ēṭru
anumanum pala ariya moolikai vaḷar giriyai meeṇḍum
anayāsamāha tāngi vandu
anavaratamum rāghavan anugraham peṭrārē
[Then the scene changes to the final battle of Rama and Ravana.]